Jinaimachi is a relic of a community in the Muromachi period (1336－1573) partitioned from its neighborhood with canals or moats with a temple or a Buddhist ashram in its center. It was characterized by the autonomy that rejected the interference by the local domain lords. During the years when Nobunaga Oda came into power, some jinaimachi were loyal to him and others stood against him, which decisions are said to have determined their later destiny. A Tondabayashi Jinaimachi in Osaka Pref. was a jinaimachi that chose to seek peace with Nobunaga and developed along with Koshoji Temple. The whole jinaimachi area is a government designated Important Traditional Architecture Conservation Zone. Many temples and merchants’ houses in the Edo period still remain today. The Japanese traditional townscape of tile roofing, white clay walls, and wooden lattices will bring you back to the old days. Now there are about 25 jinaimachi are conserved in Kinki and Hokuriku regions.